治療:
-DM neuropathy 沒有特別有效的治療藥
-控制好血糖
-(對T1DM 5年後可減少60%發生率)
-(對T2DM則無效) (英國糖尿病前瞻性糖尿病研究UKPDS)
-疼痛控制:
1.mecobalamine (methycobal (250ug/#) (500ug/amp) [1-2 cap tid; IV/IM qd or TIW]
2.抗鬱劑
-Imipramine (fronil (tofranil)(25mg/#)) (1-2#HS ~ 1#t-qid), 神經痛
[副]: 口乾, 便秘, 視力模糊, 嗜睡, 心悸, 尿滯留
*有心臟病者:
-忌:Amitriptyline and nortriptyline
-改 1) doxepin (sinequan, SINEQ) (25mg/#) (1-6#hs), (最少心毒性的TCA), or
2) 非TCA的抗鬱劑 duloxetine or venlafaxine.
-duloxetine or venlafaxine
3.抗癲癇藥: valproate (老藥), pregabalin (較新藥: pregabalin) 較有效
-pregabalin (Lyrica) (75mg/#)
DM nephropathy: 50mg tid
post herpetic neuralgia: 50mg tid or 75mg bid (max: 300mg/day)
-Gabapentin ? (neurontin?) (300mg/cap) (1# hs-tid) (效果controversial)
[副]: 頭暈,嗜睡,水腫,運動失調(ataxia)
-valproate: depakine (200mg) (1#tid-2#bid)
-[副]:致畸胎性 (忌:生育年齡婦女)
副作用
Side effect | Amitriptyline | Desipramine | Fluoxetine | Placebo |
Dry mouth | 63 | 32 | 11 | 35 |
Fatigue | 34 | 34 | 13 | 17 |
Headache | 21 | 11 | 24 | 9 |
Constipation | 8 | 21 | 2 | 7 |
Palpitations | 13 | 3 | 2 | 0 |
Any symptoms | 81 | 76 | 63 | 68 |
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